Software Engineering

Levenshtein distance

evenshtein distance is a type of Edit distance which is a large class of distance metric of measuring the dissimilarity between two strings by computing a minimum number of operations (from a set of operations) used to convert one string to another string. It is a way of pairwise string alignment.

similarity measurement

Chebyshev distance

Chebyshev distance is a distance metric which is the maximum absolute distance in one dimension of two N dimensional points. It has real world applications in Chess, Warehouse logistics and many other fields. It is known as Tchebychev distance, maximum metric, chessboard distance and L∞ metric.

similarity measurement

Euclidean distance (L2 norm)

Euclidean distance is the shortest distance between two points in an N dimensional space also known as Euclidean space. It is used as a common metric to measure the similarity between two data points and used in various fields such as geometry, data mining, deep learning and others.

similarity measurement

Manhattan distance [Explained]

Manhattan distance (L1 norm) is a distance metric between two points in a N dimensional vector space. It is the sum of the lengths of the projections of the line segment between the points onto the coordinate axes. It was introduced by Hermann Minkowski. It is used in regression analysis

tpu

What is Neural processing unit (NPU)?

A neural processing unit (NPU) is a microprocessor that specializes in the acceleration of machine learning algorithms. Examples include TPU by Google, NVDLA by Nvidia, EyeQ by Intel, Inferentia by Amazon, Ali-NPU by Alibaba, Kunlun by Baidu, Sophon by Bitmain, MLU by Cambricon, IPU by Graphcore

Software Engineering

Laws similar to Moore's Law

Laws similar to Moore's Law are Eroom's law, Engelbart's law, Haitz's law, Koomey's law, Carlson curve, Swanson's law, Pollack's rule, Wirth's law / Page's law / Gates's law / May's law / The great Moore's law compensator (TGMLC), Keck's law, Nielsen's Law and Dennard scaling.

Software Engineering

Moore's second law or Rock's law

Moore's second law or Rock's law, states that the cost of a semiconductor chip fabrication plant doubles every four years. Research and Development, manufacturing and testing have increased steadily with each new generation of chips Rising manufacturing costs are an important consideration

computational model

Stack Machine: A computational model

A Stack Machine is a computational model that uses a last-in, first-out stack to hold short-lived temporary values. Most of its instructions assume that operands will be from the stack, and results placed in the stack. It has its own advantages such as it does not need any addressing

Software Engineering

RISC vs CISC architecture

RISC and CISC differ based on the following factors: approach to improve computing performance, hardware and Software focus and hardware specifications. In general, both are equally useful. CISC is commonly used in automation devices whereas RISC is used in video and image processing applications.

Software Engineering

Moore's law

Moore's law is the observation that the number of transistors in a dense integrated circuit doubles about every two years. It states that computing would dramatically increase in power, and decrease in relative cost, at an exponential rate. It is named after Gordon Earle Moore, founder of Intel

Software Engineering

CAP theorem (Brewer's theorem)

The CAP theorem (or Brewer Theorem) is the idea that a distributed computing system is not able to provide partition tolerance, consistency and availability at the same time. It was developed in 2000 by Eric Allen Brewer. CAP theorem has applications in database and server infrastructure

Software Engineering

Difference between forward proxy server and reverse proxy server

We explored the difference between forward proxy server and reverse forward proxy. Forward proxies are used for Content Filtering, eMail security, NAT’ing and Compliance Reporting. Reverse proxy are used for Content Distribution Network

Software Engineering

Branch prediction explained with a code example

Branch prediction is an optimization technique which predicts the path a code will take before it is known for sure. We have explained the concept with a C++ example of branch prediction where a condition statement runs slower in case of unsorted data compared to sorted data.

Software Engineering

Multirepo vs Monorepo: Which one to choose?

Choosing between Multirepo and Monorepo depends on various factors such as Tooling infrastructure and investment, build challenges, source code version control, large scale refactoring and engineering culture. Monorepo is used by Google and Facebook while Multirepo is used by Amazon and Netfilx

Software Engineering

Multirepo explained

Multirepo is a software architecture which means a separate repository for each project. Each project is an independent working unit. It has minimum tooling investment and is in use at companies such as Amazon and Netflix.

monorepo

Monorepo explained

Monorepo is a repository that contains more than one logical project. It comes with several advantages such as collaboration among various teams and at the same time, disadvantages such as massive tooling and infrastructure investment Monorepo architecture is followed by Google, Facebook and Twitter

fpga

Structure of Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA)

A field programmable gate array (FPGA) consists of Input/ Output Pads, Configurable Logic Blocks (CLB), Connection Blocks, Switch Blocks and Channel Width. A field programmable gate array is an integrated circuit designed to be configured by anyone for various purposes like hardware stimulation

fpga

Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA)

A field programmable gate array (FPGA) is an integrated circuit designed to be configured by anyone for various purposes like hardware stimulation. FPGA is defined by two keywords namely field programmable and gate array. We have provided applications, manufacturers and why to use FPGA

Software Engineering

Git: git remote add command

git remote add command is a basic git command which add a remote repository as an origin of your local repository. The basic idea is that the remote repository is the final working repository which is considered by everyone and your local repository is your local copy holding your changes

git

Git: git commit command

git commit is a basic git command which saves the staged changes made to your local repository. We have explored how we can skip the add command and the information provided by the commit command of Git

git

Git diff command

Git diff command show changes between the working tree and the index or a tree, changes between the index and a tree, changes between two trees, changes between two blob objects, or changes between two files on disk.

git

Git add command: track a new file

In this article, we learnt how to track a new file in a project using Git. In the process, we explored the git add command to add a new file to tracking, touch command to create a new file and git status command on two different occasions to explore the status of the content tracked by Git.

git

Git Status command: File stages in Git

In this article, we have explored the various stages that a file assumes in Git. In the process, we came across tracked and untracked files and committed, modified and staged files and the significance of each stage in relation to git status.

git

Git: git status command

In this article, we have explored the git status command which gives us information regarding our current branch, remote repository, changes that have been staged for commit and changes that have not been staged for commit. In the process, we have explored the clear command as well.

git

Git: Initialize a Git repository

In this article, we have explored the procedure to initializing a new Git repository. In the process, we have explored the cd (change directory) command, git init command, cd .git command and ls command to explore the hidden files in the .git folder.