Computer Networks : Checklist 📌

Network Fundamentals

The most fundamental term and concepts needed to learn the modern day computer networks.

What is a computer network ?

Computer Network & Types is a system of interconnected computers. Devices are linked to each other with the purpose of sharing resources.
Network Criteria

Network Criteria refer to the set of objectives or requirements that a computer network must meet to be considered effective, efficient, and reliable. These criteria serve as guidelines for designing, implementing, and managing network infrastructures.
Network Topology

Network Topology Topology means the way different devices are arranged to create a network for telecommunication.
Network Types

Network Types categorize networks based on their geographic scope, ownership, and the technologies they employ. These classifications help in understanding the different characteristics, functionalities, and applications of various network architectures.
OSI Model

OSI Model is a conceptual framework that standardizes the functions of a telecommunication or computing system into seven distinct layers.
TCP/IP Protocol Suite

TCP/IP Protocol Suite is the model which is used in real applications in contrast to OSI model studies previously which is only a in theory model.

Physical Layer

The Physical Layer in OSI model holds the responsiblity of physically transfer the data in form of bits over the network.

Signals & It's Types

Signals & It's Types are fundamental to understanding how data is transmitted and processed in various fields, including telecommunications, electronics, and computer networking.
Signal Impairment

Signal Impairment refers to any degradation or alteration that a signal experiences as it travels from the transmitter to the receiver, impacting the quality and integrity of the transmitted information.
Digital Transmission

Digital Transmission refers to the process of transmitting data from one place to another in the form of digital signals. Unlike analog transmission, where information is conveyed through continuous signals that vary in amplitude or frequency, digital transmission involves discrete signals (often binary, consisting of 0s and 1s) to represent information.
Analog Transmission

Analog Transmission is a method of conveying information using continuous signals that vary in amplitude, frequency, or phase over time. It's an older form of communication but is still used in various applications today, particularly in audio and video transmission, as well as in certain types of telecommunications.
Multiplexing

Multiplexing is a technique used in telecommunications and data communications to combine multiple signals into a single signal over a shared medium, such as a cable or a wireless channel. This allows multiple users or devices to share the communication channel efficiently, maximizing its capacity and utilization.
Transmission Media

Transmission Media , also known as communication channels, are the physical pathways through which data is transmitted from one device to another in a telecommunications network. These media can be classified into two main categories: guided (or bounded) media and unguided (or unbounded) media.

Data Link Layer

Introduction to Datalink Layer

Introduction to Datalink Layer discuss about the concept to nodes and links. There are different types of links and sublayer which datalink layer operates with.
Framing

Framing is a process used to divide data bits into manageable pieces or frames before they are transmitted over the network.
Error Control

Error Control in the context of data communication is a set of methods used to detect and correct errors that occur in the transmission of data across a network. These errors can be caused by various factors, including noise, interference, and signal attenuation. The Error correcting codes are some of the techniques to correct the errors encountered.
DLC Protocols

DLC Protocols : Data Link Control (DLC) protocols are rules and conventions that manage the communication between devices across a data link layer in a network. These protocols ensure the reliable transmission of data between network nodes, providing mechanisms for addressing, error detection, error correction, and flow control.
Media Access Protocols

Media Access Protocols are a sub-layer of the data link layer in the OSI model, responsible for controlling how devices in a network uniquely access and use the physical medium to transmit data.
Link-Layer Addressing

Link-Layer Addressing is a fundamental aspect of networking that operates at the data link layer (Layer 2) of the OSI model. It is responsible for providing a unique identifier for each network interface within a local network segment.

Local Area Network

Ethernet

Ethernet is a widely used networking technology that defines the standards for the physical and data link layers of the OSI model, enabling communication between devices in a local area network (LAN).
WIFI , IEEE 802.11 Project

WIFI , IEEE 802.11 Project , commonly known as Wi-Fi, is a set of standards for wireless local area networking (WLAN) defined by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). The project encompasses a series of specifications that govern various aspects of wireless communication, including the physical layer (PHY) and the media access control (MAC) layer.
Bluetooth

Bluetooth is a wireless technology standard designed for short-range communication between devices, enabling them to exchange data and communicate without the need for cables.

Wide Area Network

Telephone Networks

Telephone Networks , also known as telecommunications networks, are systems designed for the transmission of voice, data, and multimedia over long distances using a combination of wired and wireless technologies.
Cable Networks

Cable Networks refer to telecommunications networks that deliver television, internet, and telephone services over coaxial cables. These networks typically use a hybrid fiber-coaxial (HFC) infrastructure, where fiber optic cables connect to nodes in neighborhoods, and coaxial cables deliver services to individual subscribers.
Cellular Telephony

Cellular Telephony , commonly known as mobile phone service or cellular communication, refers to the provision of voice and data services over a cellular network infrastructure. It enables users to make calls, send text messages, and access data services using mobile devices, such as smartphones, tablets, and feature phones.
Satellite Network

Satellite Network is a telecommunications network that uses satellites orbiting the Earth to facilitate communication between distant locations. These networks are commonly used for various applications, including television broadcasting, internet access, telephone communication, and data transmission.

Connecting Device & Virtual LAN's

Connecting Devices

Connecting Devices refers to the process of establishing communication links between electronic devices to enable data exchange, collaboration, and interaction. Various technologies and methods are employed to facilitate device connectivity, depending on factors such as proximity, compatibility, and desired functionality.
Virtual LAN's

Virtual LAN's is a logical grouping of network devices within one or multiple physical LANs, irrespective of their physical location. VLANs enable network administrators to segment a network into multiple isolated broadcast domains, allowing them to control traffic flow and improve network security and performance.

Network Layer : Data Transfer

Services of Network Layer

Services of Network Layer The Network Layer, the third layer of the OSI model, provides services that facilitate communication and data transmission between devices across different networks. Its primary function is to route data packets from the source device to the destination device, regardless of the underlying physical network topology.
Overview of Network Layer Protocols

Overview of Network Layer Protocols provides a brief description about what we are going to study ahead.
Network Switching

Network Switching is a method of transmitting data in which digital data is broken down into small packets before being transmitted. These packets are then sent individually across a network and reassembled at the destination.
Performance Criteria

Performance Criteria includes the terms like delay , throughput and packet loss.
Internet Protocol Version 4

Internet Protocol Version 4 is the fourth version of the Internet Protocol (IP), which is the principal communications protocol used for relaying datagrams (packets) across network boundaries. IPv4 is the most widely used protocol on the Internet and forms the foundation of most IP-based networks.
Internet Protocol Version 6

Internet Protocol Version 6 is the most recent version of the Internet Protocol (IP), the core communication protocol of the Internet. It was developed to address the limitations of its predecessor, IPv4, and to accommodate the growing number of devices and addresses required by the expanding Internet.
Transition from IPV4 to IPV6

Transition from IPV4 to IPV6 is an ongoing process driven by the exhaustion of IPv4 addresses and the need for a larger address space to accommodate the growing number of devices connected to the internet.

Network Layer : Routing of Packets

Idea and Goals

Idea and Goals is to route the packets with minumum possible cost over a desired destination.
Routing Algorithms

Routing Algorithms are crucial components of network infrastructure that determine the paths data packets take as they travel from a source to a destination across a network. These algorithms play a vital role in ensuring efficient, reliable, and timely delivery of data in computer networks. One the algorithm is Distance Vector Routing Algorithm.
Unicast Routing Protocols

Unicast Routing Protocols are designed to determine the best path for forwarding unicast traffic from a single source to a single destination in a network. These protocols play a critical role in directing data packets across the network efficiently and reliably.
Multicast Routing

Multicast Routing protocols are designed to efficiently deliver data from one source to multiple destinations across a network. Unlike unicast communication, where data is sent from one sender to one receiver, multicast communication allows a sender to transmit data to a group of recipients simultaneously.
Internet Group Management Protocol ( IGMP )

Internet Group Management Protocol ( IGMP ) is a communication protocol used by IP hosts and adjacent multicast routers to manage multicast group memberships within a network. IGMP operates at the network layer (Layer 3) of the OSI model and is an integral part of multicast communication in IP networks, including the Internet.

Transport Layer

Transport Layer Services

Transport Layer Services refer to the functionalities provided by the transport layer of the OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) model or the transport layer protocols in the TCP/IP model.
User Datagram Protocol

User Datagram Protocol : UDP is a connectionless and lightweight transport layer protocol used in computer networking.
Transmission Control Protocol

Transmission Control Protocol is a core protocol of the Internet Protocol Suite, responsible for providing reliable, connection-oriented communication between devices on a network.
Stream Control Transmission Protocol

SCTP (Stream Control Transmission Protocol) is a reliable, message-oriented transport protocol designed for use in IP networks. Here's an overview of SCTP:

Application Layer

How Multimedia Works Over Network ?

Compression

Compression is a technique which is used to reduce the amount of data to be transferred over the network. The compression can be lossy as well as lossless compression.
Multimedia in Internet

Multimedia in Internet includes the streaming of stored , live or interactive audio/videos data over the interconnected computers and devices.
Real-time Interactive Protocols

Real-time Interactive Protocols include RTP (Real-time Transport Protocol), RTCP (Real-time Control Protocol), SIP (Session Initiation Protocol) protocols and H.323 also.

Network Management

Fundamentals of Network Management

Fundamentals of Network Management introduces the fundamental terms and concepts used in Network Management.
Simple Network Management Protocol ( SNMP )

Simple Network Management Protocol ( SNMP ) is a network management protocol used for monitoring and managing network devices, such as routers, switches, servers, printers, and other network-attached devices.
ASN.1 (Abstract Syntax Notation One)

ASN.1 (Abstract Syntax Notation One) is a standard notation used to describe data structures and data encoding rules in a platform-independent and language-independent manner. It is widely used in telecommunications, computer networking, and cryptographic applications for defining data formats and protocols.

Cryptography & Network Security

Cryptography plays a crucial role in ensuring network security by providing mechanisms for confidentiality, integrity, authentication, and non-repudiation of data transmitted over networks.

Network Troubleshooting

Diagnosing Common Network Issues

Diagnosing Common Network Issues is the process of identifying, diagnosing, and resolving issues that affect the performance, availability, or security of a computer network.
Troubleshooting Tools

Troubleshooting Tools tools are essential for diagnosing and resolving issues within computer networks.

Quality of Service (QoS)

QoS Mechanisms

QoS Mechanisms are techniques used in computer networking to prioritize certain types of traffic over others, ensuring that critical applications receive the necessary resources and performance levels.

Computer Networks: Checklist